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1960
1960 (MCMLX) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1960 calendar).
Events
January
February
- February 1 — In Greensboro, N.C., four black students from North Carolina Agricultural and Technical College begin a sit-in at a segregated Woolworth's lunch counter. Although they are refused service, they are allowed to stay at the counter. The event triggers many similar nonviolent protests throughout the South, and six months later the original four protesters are served lunch at the same counter.
- February 5 — Particle accelerator of CERN inaugurated in Geneva, Switzerland
- February 8-February 9 — Adolph Coors II killed during an attempt to kidnap him in Colorado. Joseph Corbett Jr is arrested next October
- February 9 — Joanne Woodward receives the first star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame
- February 9 — Adolph Coors III, chairman of the board of the Coors Brewing Company, is kidnapped and captors demand $500,000. Coors is later found dead and Joseph Corbett Jr is indicted.
- February 10 — In Brussels, conference about Congo independence begins
- February 11 — 12 Indian soldiers die in clashes with Chinese troops at the border
- February 11 — The airship ZPG-3W is destroyed in a storm in Massachusetts
- February 13 — Nuclear testing: France tests its first atomic bomb in Sahara
- February 18 — 1960 Winter Olympics open in Squaw Valley, California.
- February 29-March 1 night — Earthquake totally destroys Agadir, Morocco.
March
South African police officers standing over people killed in the Sharpeville massacre.
April
May
June
July
August
- August — Stanley Clifford Weyman, US impostor, is killed when he tries to prevent a robbery
- August 5 — Burkina Faso declares independence from France
- August 6 — Cuban Revolution: In response to a United States embargo, Cuba nationalizes American and foreign-owned property in the nation.
- August 6 — In Congo, Albert Kalonji declares independence of Autonomous State of South Kasai
- August 7 — Côte d'Ivoire becomes independent.
- August 11 — Chad becomes independent.
- August 16 — Joseph Kittinger parachutes from a balloon over New Mexico at 102,800 feet (31,333 m). He sets unbeaten (as of 2005) world records for: high-altitude jump; free-fall by falling 16 miles (25.7 km) before opening his parachute; and fastest speed by a human without motorized assistance, 982 km/h (614 mi/h).
- August 16 — Cyprus gains its independence from the United Kingdom
- August 17 — Gabon gains independence from France
- August 17 — Trial of U-2 pilot Gary Powers begins in Moscow
- August 18 — Enovid, the first commercially produced oral contraceptive, is launched in Skokie, Illinois
- August 19 — Cold War: In Moscow, downed American U-2 pilot Francis Gary Powers is sentenced to ten years imprisonment by the Soviet Union for espionage
- August 19 — Sputnik program: The Soviet Union launches Sputnik 5 with the dogs Belka and Strelka (Russian for "Squirrel" and "Little Arrow"), 40 mice, 2 rats and a variety of plants. The spacecraft return to earth the next day and all animals are recovered safely.
- August 20 — Senegal breaks from the Mali federation, declaring independence.
- August 25 — 1960 Summer Olympics open in Rome. USS Seadragon (SSN-584) surfaces at the north pole where the crew plays softball.
- August 29 — September 13 — Hurricane Donna kills 50 in Florida-New England area
September
- September 1 — Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah, Sultan of Selangor and 2nd Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia, dies in office. He is replaced by Tuanku Syed Putra, Raja of Perlis.
- September 1 — Disgruntled railroad workers effectively halt operations of the Pennsylvania Railroad, marking the first shutdown in the history of the company (event lasted 2 days)
- September 5 — Cassius Clay wins the gold medal in boxing at the Rome Olympic Games.
- September 5 — Congo president Joseph Kasavubu fires Patrice Lumumba's government and places him under house arrest
- September 8 — In Huntsville, Alabama, US President Dwight D. Eisenhower formally dedicates the Marshall Space Flight Center (NASA had already activated the facility on July 1)
- September 14 — Colonel Joseph Mobutu takes power in Congo in a military coup
- September 14 — Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela form OPEC
- September 26 — The two leading US presidential candidates, Richard M. Nixon and John F. Kennedy, participate in the first televised presidential debate.
October
November
December
- December 1 — Patrice Lumumba, the deposed premier of the Congo was arrested by troops of Col. Joseph Mobutu.
- December 1 — A 5-ton Soviet space ship containing animals, insects and plants was launched into orbit. The spacecraft burned up upon re-entry.
- December 2 — The Archbishop of Canterbury, the Most Rev. Geoffrey Francis Fisher, talked with Pope John XXIII for about an hour in the Vatican. It was the first time in more than 500 years that a head of the Anglican church had visited the Pope.
- December 2 — U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower authorizes the use of $1M for the relief and resettlement of Cuban refugees in Florida. Cuban refugees have been arriving in Florida at the rate of 1,000 a week.
- December 2 — Congolese soldiers arrest Patrice Lumumba.
- December 4 — Admission to the United Nations of Mauritania was vetoed by the USSR.
- December 5 — Pierre Lagaillarde, who led 1958 and 1960 insurrections in Algeria, failed to appear in a Paris court. He was reported to have fled with 4 fellow defendants to Spain en route to Algeria.
- December 7 — The United Nations Security Council was called into session by the USSR to consider the Soviet demands that the U.N. seek the immediate release of former Congolese Premier Patrice Lumumba.
- December 9 — French President Charles de Gaulle's visit to Algeria was marked by bloody riots by European and Muslim mobs in Algeria's largest cities, killing 127 people.
- December 12 — A Federal Court ruling that Louisiana's anti-integration laws were unconstitutional was upheld by the U.S. Supreme Court.
- December 13 — While the Emperor Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia was on a visit to Brazil, an unsuccessful revolt against his rule is carried out by his Imperial Guard. The rebels proclaim the emperor's son, Crown Prince Asfa Wossen.
- December 13 — Guatemala, El Salvador, Nicaragua and Honduras found the Central American Common Market.
- December 14 — Antoine Gizenga proclaims in Stanleyville in the Congo that he has assumed the premiership.
- December 14 — Ruby Bridges starts all white school
OECD formed in Paris.
Births
January
- January 2 — Christian Bartolf, German author and scientist
- January 2 — Naoki Urasawa, Japanese manga author and artist
- January 4 — Michael Stipe, American singer (R.E.M.)
- January 6 — Nigella Lawson, British chef and writer
- January 6 — Howie Long, American football player
- January 12 — Oliver Platt, Canadian actor
- January 13 — Kevin Anderson, American actor
- January 22 — Michael Hutchence, Australian musician (INXS) (d. 1997)
- January 28 — Robert von Dassanowsky, American cultural historian, writer, and producer
- January 29 — Greg Louganis, American diver
- January 29 — Gia Carangi, American model (d. 1986)
- January 29 — Sean Kerly, British field hockey player
February
- February 4 — Jonathan Larson, American composer, actor (d.1996)
- February 4 — Adrienne King, American actress
- February 7 — James Spader, American actor
- February 10 — Robert Addie, British actor (d. 2003)
- February 11 — Richard Mastracchio, astronaut
- February 13 — Pierluigi Collina, Italian football referee
- February 14 — Jim Kelly, American football player
- February 19 — Prince Andrew, Duke of York
- February 20 — Joel Hodgson, American actor
- February 23 — Alan Griffin, Australian politician and member for Bruce in the House of Representatives
- February 25 — Stefan Blöcher, German field hockey player
- February 27 — Kara Kennedy, daughter of U.S. Senator. Edward Kennedy
- February 29 — Tony Robbins, American speaker and writer
March
- March 4 — Mykelti Williamson, American actor
- March 7 — Joe Carter, baseball player
- March 7 — Ivan Lendl, Czech tennis player
- March 8 — Finn Carter, American actress
- March 13 — Adam Clayton, Irish bassist (U2)
- March 14 — Kirby Puckett, American baseball player (d. 2006)
- March 18 — Richard Biggs, American actor (d. 2004)
- March 21 — Ayrton Senna, Brazilian race car driver (d. 1994)
- March 23 — Nicol Stephen, Scottish politician
- March 24 — Nena Kerner, German singer
- March 26 — Marcus Allen, American football player
- March 29 — Marina Sirtis, British actress
April
- April 2 — Linford Christie, British athlete
- April 3 — Elizabeth Gracen, American beauty queen, actress, and model
- April 4 — Jane Eaglin, English soprano
- April 4 — Hugo Weaving, Australian actor
- April 11 — Jeremy Clarkson, English television show host
- April 14 — Brad Garrett, American actor
- April 18 — Neo Rauch, German painter
- April 19 — Frank Viola, baseball player
- April 26 — Roger Taylor, English musician (Duran Duran)
- April 28 — John Cerutti, baseball player and announcer (d. 2004)
- April 29 — Phil King, British bassist
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
- November 3 — Karch Kiraly, American volleyball player
- November 10 — Neil Gaiman, English author
- November 11 — Peter Parros, American actor
- November 11 — Stanley Tucci, American actor and film director
- November 19 — Allison Janney, American actress
- November 25 — Amy Grant, American musician
- November 25 — John F. Kennedy, Jr., American lawyer and journalist and son of President John F. Kennedy (d. 1999)
- November 26 — Harold Reynolds, baseball player and broadcaster
- November 27 — Yulia Tymoshenko, Prime Minister of Ukraine
December
Deaths
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
November
December
Nobel prizes
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