Saint-Lô is a town and commune of France, the préfecture (capital) of the Manche département, in Normandy. Population (1999): 20,090.
Administration
Saint-Lô is the chief town of the Arrondissement of Saint-Lô.
History
In the past called Briovère (meaning "Bridge on the Vire River" in Gaulish), the city is built on, and around ramparts. The name "Saint-Lô" originates from Saint Laud, bishop of Coutances in the 6th century.
Due to the city being a strategic crossroad, Saint-Lô was almost totally destroyed (95% according to common estimates) during the Battle of Normandy in World War II, earning the nickname of the Capital of the Ruins; it was even actually questioned whether to rebuild it or to leave the ruins intact as a testimony of the bombing.
Geography
The Vire River flows though the city. The old city is built on a rocky spur inside a loop on the river, whence it controlled the fluvial traffic.
Sights
Among the only standing buildings after the 1944 bombings was the Notre-Dame church, built in Flamboyant Gothic style from the 13th to the 15th centuries; its roof and facade were destroyed, as well as one of its two towers and the top of the other one. The church was partially restored after the war: the facade was rebuilt as a plain green schist wall. It most notably features an outdoor pulpit that Victor Hugo protected from demolition planned for town renovation in 1863.
Saint-Lô is also home to the largest of the 23 national stud farms in France.
As partial reparations for the destruction of the city, Americans established the hospital memorial, where one can see a fresco by Fernand Léger. It was at that time the largest hospital in Europe.
Miscellaneous
In literature Gravity's Rainbow by Thomas Pynchon fictionalises the event of the discovery by American soldiers of stockpiles of Champagne in the caves under the rocky outcrop on which the walled city sits.
Births
Saint-Lô was the birthplace of:
Twin towns
Saint-Lô is twinned with:
